Shingle



p 5, 1939- K. s. GUITERMAN 2,171,746

SSSSS LE Filed Nov. 17, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 p 5 1939- K. s. GUITERMAN2,171,746

SHINGLE Filed Nov. 17, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 25 H r: igF/I $19!! WywATTORNEY Patented Sept. 5, 1939 UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE Claims.

The invention relates to coverings for roofs or other exposed surfacesand. more particularly, to sheet metal shingles.

The invention relates, in general, to a shingle 5 of the type disclosedin Guitar-man Patent No. 1,971,932, patented August 28, 1934, in whichthe shingle is made of thin sheet material adapted to lie flat againstthe underlying supporting surface, the shingle having the thereof turnedup to rovide a flange-like member for the purpose of imparting anillusion of thickness to the shingle.

According to one form of the present invention, each shingle is providedwith a lap portion I adapted to form a lap joint with the adjoiningshingle in the same course. Thus, in such a construction, it is onlynecessary for adjoining courses of shingles to overlap instead of thecourses once removed as shown in the aforementioned patent.

According to another form of the present invention, the shingle may be.provided with upstanding side flanges in addition to the lower endflange to impart an illusion of thickness to the side edges of theshingles. In some cases where the shingles lie close together in thesame course but one upstanding side flange will be required.

The invention further contemplates providing a slit or notch in thelower transverse flange to facilitate bending the shingle about alongitudinal axis when using it as a hip shingle. In other cases,instead of having a straight lower flange, the lower flange may be madein sections angularly related. In still other cases, the lower 85flange, instead of extending horizontally across the end of the shingle,may be arranged to extend at an angle, or obliquely. The differentarrangements of end flanges are provided for the purpose of obtainingdifferent effects, as for example, the effects of laying wooden or slateshingles at random, using broken and irregular shingles, etc.

The invention also consists in certain new and original features ofconstruction and combination 4!! of parts hereinafter set forth andclaimed.

Although the novel features which are believed to be characteristic ofthis invention will be particularly pointed out in the claims appendedhereto, the invention itself, as to its objects and advantages, and themanner in which it may be carried out, may be better understood byreferring to the following description taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings forming a part thereof, in which 56 Fig. 1 is aperspective of one form of shingle;

lower edge or margin Fig. 2 is a plan view illustrating several rows ofshingles shown in Fig. I laid on the roof;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a slightly modified form of shingle of the sametype as Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a perspective showing a still further modification;

Fig. 5 represents a variation of the type shown in Fig. 4;

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 re resent shingles having slitted or slotted transverseend flanges and showing various relations of the flange sections;

Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate shingles having obfique transverse flanges;and

Fig. 11 illustrates several rows of the shingle shown in Fig. 5 laid onthe roof, the corrugations being omitted for sake of clearness.

In the following description and in the caims, various details will beidentified by specific names for convenience, but they are intended tobe as generic in their application as the art will permit.

Like reference characters denote like parts in the several figures ofthe drawings.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification,certain specific disclosure of the invention is made for purposes ofexplanation, but it will be understood that the details may be modifledin various respects without departure from the broad aspect of theinvention.

Refs-ring now to Fig. 1, the shingle here illustrated is made ofcorrugated sheet metal with the corrugations running lengthwise of theshingle up and .down the roof. The shingle comprises a generallyrectangular body I having a lateral extension I. The shingle hascomparatively straight edges 2, 3, 4 and 5. The lower edge or margin ofthe body I is bent to form an inverted, trough-like flange 6 having atoe flange or extension 8 lying in the same plane as the body I.

If desired, the shingle may be provided with nail guides, either in theform of holes or in dentations, as indicated. The edge 2 of the shingleis provided with slits forming tabs 9 and I0 which may be bent out ofthe plane of the shingle. Tab 9 is bent upwardly and tab i0 is bentdownwardly.

To lay the shingle on a roof, siding, or other exposed surface, thesurface is suitably prepared in the usual manner. If desired, the usualflashing may be provided along the lower end of the roof and the rows orcourses of shingles laid course by course from the bottom up.

Referring to Fig. 2, a lower course is illustrated by A and an uppercourse by B. These shingles are laid from right to left, suitable nailsH and I2 being provided. It will be seen that the nails II pass throughthe bodies I of the shingles of the underlying course and through theextensions I of the shingles of the'overlying course. Nails l2 passthrough both the bodies of the shingles and the lateral extensions ofthe shingles in the same course. The nails l2 are protected from theweather by the shingles in the overlying courses. Nails II are protectedby the overlying shingles in the same course.

Tabs 9 of the shingles in the lower courses are engaged over the toeflanges of the shingles in the upper courses, and the tabs ID areengaged under the extensions of the adjoining shingles in the samecourse. Thus, the unnailed parts of the shingles are eflectively helddown. I

The nails II and I2 are preferably of the same material as the shingle.Either tab 9 or iii may be omitted, or both may be omitted. Or both tabsmay be used together as illustrated in the drawings. These tabs performa very useful function in holding down the weather ends of the shinglesand prevent the shingles from blowing up or flapping in the wind, whichwould otherwise sometimes occur when a very lightweight sheet materialis used.

Referring now to Fig. 3, the shingle illustrated here is similar inconstruction to that illustrated in Fig. 1, except that an inverted,trough-shaped flange I3 is provided on the lower end of the side edge ofthe body. A tab corresponding to tab 9 is provided, but the tabcorresponding to tab I 0 is omitted. The remaining parts of the shinglein Fig. 3 correspond to the similar parts in Fig. 1, except that in Fig.3 uncorrugated metal is shown instead of corrugated metal. This shinglewill be laid in a manner similar to the shingle in Fig. 1. Here, inaddition to the end flanges 5, the side flanges 13 are also provided andwill stand in line with the spaces between end flanges.

The shingles shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 may be made either from plainuncorrugated material or corrugated material. In case they are made fromcorrugated material, the corrugations may be so arranged that theshingles may be bent about a longitudinal axis to be used as hipshingles. The corrugations in the end flanges have an accordion-likeaction, permitting the end flange to be bent to fit the hip in themanner explained more in detail in Guiterman application, Serial No.734,589, filed July 11, 1934.

Withe the shingle of Fig. 1, the end flanges act to give the illusion ofthickness to the lower edge of the shingle. In Fig. 3, the illusion ofthickness to the side edges of the shingles is also obtained, the singleside flange acting for both side edges.

Referring now to Figs. 411, these shingles are intended to be laid likethe ordinary wooden shingle, although, of course, they are not limitedto such use. Generally speaking, however, the shingles will be laid withspaces between the shingles in the same course and each upper coursewill overlap the adjoining lower course as well as the lower course onceremoved, as illustrated, particularly, in Fig. 11 which illustrates themanner of laying the form shown in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 4, the body, which may have a generally rectangular formation,is indicated by l6, this body being bent to form as inverted,troughshaped, lower upstanding flange 19 having a toe flange 20 lying insubstantially the same plane as the body i6. Similar side flanges l1 andI5 are provided, with or without corresponding toe flanges.

In Fig. 5, the shingle here is indicated as being made from corrugatedstock and the lower flange is indicated by 23 and the lower toe flangeby 24, these corresponding to the flanges l9 and 20 in Fig. 4. Here,however, only one side flange 22 is provided, the use of which will beexplained more clearly below. The side edges of this shingle areprovided with slits forming tabs 25, the purpose of which will beexplained hereinafter.

Referring now to Fig. 6 the body 21 is provided with flange extensions28 having a slit or slot 29 therebetween. In Fig. 7, the body 32 hasflange sections 33 angularly arranged and having a slit 34 therebetween.In Fig. 8, the body 31 has flange sections 38 having a slot 39therebetween.

In the case of each of the shingles illustrated by Figs. 6, 7 and 8, theshingle may be used either as a plane shingle or as a hip shingle, theslits or slots 29, 34 and 39 permitting the shingle to be bent about alongitudinal axis without distorting the flange sections.

In Fig. 9, the shingle body 4| is provided with an end flange 42extending obliquely or at an angle to the longitudinal axis of theshingle. In Fig. 10, the body 43 is provided with a similar type offlange 44, the flange here being provided with anextension or toe flange45.

Referring now to Fig. 11, the several courses are indicated by C, D andE. It will be noted that the shingles in each course are spaced fromeach other by. approximately the width of flange 22. The shingles incourse E overlap the shingles in courses D and C, the flange 22determining the amount of overlap. The tabs in the lower course shinglesoverlie the toe flanges 24 of the shingles in the upper courses, thusholding down these shingles, preventing flapping in windy weather.

In Figs. 4 11 all the shingles, except Fig. 5, are shown made fromuncorrugated stock. The shingles of Fig. 5 are shown made of corrugatedstock. However, it will be understood that the shingle in Fig. 5 may bemade from plane stock and the shingles in the other flgures may be madefrom corrugated stock. In the forms shown in Figs. 6-10, the flanges arelocated in random positions. The entire roof may be covered with any onetype of these shingles or they may be used indiscriminately to obtainthe artistic effect of broken wooden or slate shingles. It will beunderstood that the shingles shown in Figs. 4 and 6-10 may also beprovided with hold down tabs corresponding to tabs 25 and with toeflanges corresponding to the toe flanges 20, 24 and 45.

All of the above described shingles may be made of any suitable sheetmaterial, but they are made preferably from metal, such as copper orzinc. They may be made of a size corresponding to the ranges of ordinaryshingles. They are preferably secured with nails of the same material asthe shingles themselves to prevent danger of electrolysis.

It is obvious that the shingles shown in Figs. 4, 5, 9 and 10, when madeof corrugated material, may be used as hip shingles. When using any ofthe above shingles as hip shingles it is only necessary to select theproper type of corrugations to obtain the accordion-like action of theend flanges in bending, as illustrated, for example, in the Guitermanapplication, above referred to. When corrugated, it is preferable thatthe corrugations be sufficiently small so that all parts of the bodiesof the shingles may lie flat against the roof to minimize the chance ofwater and wind heating under the shingles.

The shingles above described are well adapted to give many beautifulroof efiects. They may be used to advantage to simulate ordinary woodenshingles, slate shingles or tiling. The end flanges may have a heightcorresponding to less than, equal to, or greater than, the thickness ofthe butt edge of the type of shingle it is desired to simulate. Thetransverse end flanges, and the side flanges if used, serve to give anillusion of thickness to the thin metal shingles. At the same time theadvantage of having the body of the shingle lying flat against and closeto the supporting surface is obtained.

Corrugated material or plain material may be used depending upon theeffect desired. The corrugations in some cases act to break up the flatappearance which uncorrugated metal sometimes has. The corrugations adda softness to the appearance of the shingles, which cooperate with theupstanding flanges to perfect an illusion of thickness.

The above advantages are obtained without sacrificing the advantages ofeasy manufacture, easy laying, absence of complicated interlocks betweenshingles, water-tightened and fire resistance.

While certain novel features of the invention have been disclosed andare pointed out in the annexed claims, it will be understood thatvarious omissions, substitutions and changes may be made by thoseskilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In a shingled surface, a plurality of courses of shingles, eachshingle being made from sheet material and comprising a body having itslower margin bent to form an upstanding flange-like member, and anextension attached to a side of said body extending beyond saidflange-like member, the bodies of the shingles in each course forminglap joints with the extensions of adjoining shingles and with saidflange-like members spaced apart, each upper course overlapping theadjoining lower course but not the lower course once removed, the spacesbetween flangelike members in the adjoining courses being staggered,said bodies and said extensions being substanially flat and lyingsubstantially flat and close to the supporting surface.

2. In a shingled surface, a plurality of courses of shingles, eachshingle being made from sheet material and comprising a body having itslower margin bent to form an upstanding flange-like member, and anextension attached to a side of said body extending beyond saidflange-like member, the bodies of the shingles in each course forminglap joints with the extensions of adjoining shingles and with saidflange-like members spaced apart, each upper course overlapping theadjoining lower course but not the lower course once removed, the spacesbetween flangelike members in the adjoining courses being staggered,certain edges of said shingles having hold down tabs adapted to engageadjoining edges of adjoining shingles, said bodies and said extensionsbeing substantially flat and lying substantially flat and close to thesupporting surface.

3. In a shingled surface, a plurality of courses of shingles, eachshingle being made from corrugated sheet metal with the corrugationsrunning lengthwise of the shingle, said shingl comprising a body havingits lower margin bent to form an upstanding, inverted, trough-shaped,flange-like member, said lower margin being further bent to form a toeflange lying in substantially the same plane as said body, and anextension attached to a side of said body extending beyond saidflange-like member, the bodies of the shingles in each course forminglap joints with the extensions of adjoining shingles and with saidflange-like members spaced apart, each upper course overlapping theadjoining lower course but not the lower course once removed, the sideedges of said shingles opposite said extensions having tabs engageablewith the lower edges of adjoining shingles, the spaces betweenflange-like members in the adjoining courses being staggered, saidbodies and said extensions being substantially flat and lyingsubstantially flat and close to the supporting surface.

4. A shingle or the like comprising a substantially rectangular bodyportion, said shingle being bent to form an upstanding trough-shapedflange ertending transversely of the shingle at its lower margin, oneside margin of said body being bent to form an upstanding trough-shapedflange extending longitudinally of the shingle, the other side margin ofthe body having a lateral extension of generally rectangular shapeextending beyond the end of said transverse troughshaped flange, saidbody and said extension being adapted to lie substantially flat againstthe supporting surface, and both said upstanding trough-shaped flangesrising above the body of the shingle and being exposed to the weather onboth longitudinal faces.

5. An individual shingle or the like comprising a substantially.rectangular body portion, said shingle being bent to form an upstandingtroughshaped flange extending transversely of the shingle at its lowermargin, a first side margin of said body lying in substantially theplane of said body and extending longitudinally of the shingle, theother side margin of the body having a lateral extension of generallyrectangular shape extending beyond the end of said transversetrough-shaped flange, said body and said extension and their side andupper margins being adapted to lie substantially flat against thesupporting surface, said upstanding trough-shaped flange rising abovethe body of the shingle and being exposed to the weather on bothlongitudi nal faces, said first side margin having an upwardly extendingtab adapted to interconnect with the edge or an adjoini hin le.

KENNETH S. GUITERMAN.

